| The pug has been referred to as “Multo in Parvo,” which means “a lot of dog in a small space.” In their little bodies, pugs pack a lot of love and boundless enthusiasm. This small, affectionate oriental breed began as guard dogs in ancient Chinese temples. History and Origins As with many breeds, the true history of the pug is uncertain. What is known is that dogs resembling the pug we know today were part of Buddhist monasteries in Tibet before 400 BC. They then appeared in Japan and Europe, becoming the favorite for the royal courts. By the mid-1500s, the pug was a popular dog in Holland. Throughout history, the pug has played many important roles. In 1572, the pug became the official dog of the House of Orange in Holland after saving the life of William, Prince of Orange, by giving alarm at the approach of the Spaniards at Hermingny. In 1790, the pug became an important pet of Josephine, wife of Napoleon. While imprisoned at Les Carne, Napoleon received secret messages from Josephine hidden within their pug's collar. Eventually, after British soldiers attacked the Imperial Palace of Peking in 1860, the pug was brought to England. The breed's popularity continued to rise and was soon imported to the United States. The pug was admitted to the American Kennel Club in 1885. Appearance and Size Despite being an ancient breed, the pug hasn't changed much over the years. The breed is the largest of the toy breeds with a compact body and well- developed musculature. Pugs have round massive heads with short, square muzzles and deep wrinkles on their foreheads. Pugs have prominent eyes, straight legs with a tightly twisted tail over the haunches. They have a sleek soft coat that comes in apricot, black, fawn and silver with as dark a mask possible. From the top of the shoulder the pug stands between ten and eleven inches tall and weighs between fourteen to twenty-two pounds. Personality Traits Not at all pugnacious, the pug is an affectionate, loveable, even-tempered breed with great charm and dignity. They are clever and mischievous with an outgoing disposition. Pugs love company and want to be everyone's best friend but they will sulk when left out of activities. Home and Family Relations Pugs have always been friendly companion housedogs. They love being part of the family. Pugs are great watch dogs, playful companions for children and will happily curl up on your lap for a nap. Grooming Pugs have a smooth, slick hair coat that is easy to groom with a firm bristle brush and comb. You should shampoo only as necessary and clean the wrinkles on their forehead to prevent moisture accumulation and facial fold dermatitis. Training The pug is intelligent and easy to train using standard obedience commands. Their primary reason for living is to stay near the family and to please their owners. Special Care Pugs are miserable in hot, cold or humid weather due to their short, square muzzles. They should not be left outside or in closed cars in the summer or winter months. Common Diseases and Disorders Hip dysplasia is a malformation of the hip joint that results in pain, lameness and arthritis. Patellar luxation is a disorder affecting the kneecap. Entropion is a problem with the eyelid that causes inward rolling. Lashes on the edge of the eyelid irritate the surface of the eyeball and may lead to more serious problems. Demodectic mange is a parasitic skin disease caused by a mite. Hair loss and itchiness are common. Heat stroke is a serious concern for the pug due to his short muzzle. Pug encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain that often causes seizures. In addition, the pug is prone to obesity, arthritis, heart disease, facial fold dermatitis and pseudohermaphrodism. They average life span of the pug is 12 to 14 years. |
| The Boston terrier is one of the few truly American breeds. Developed in Boston, Mass., the Boston terrier has steadily increased in popularity since the late 1800s. Though not one of the top dog breeds, the Boston's characteristic coloration and appearance make the dog readily recognizable. History and Origin The Boston terrier was originally developed as a cross between the English bulldog and English terrier and called “round heads” or "bull terriers.” Around 1870, one of the progeny of this cross, named “Judge,” was imported into Boston. With hard work and strict breeding programs, the Boston as we know it today was developed. In 1889, the American Bull Terrier Club was formed by a group of about 30 Boston fanciers. Over time, opposition arose from bull terrier and bulldog fanciers about the similarity of the breed's name. In 1891, the American Bull Terrier Club changed its name to the Boston Terrier Club of America and changed the name of the breed to the Boston terrier. The breed was accepted into the American Kennel Club in 1893. Appearance and Size The Boston terrier is a small, compact, muscular dog. The chest is broad and the tail can be either straight or curled. Bostons have a flat broad skull, short muzzle and ears set high on the head. The hair coat is short, smooth and shiny. The classic Boston colors are black with a white blaze and muzzle, but brindle and white, as well as brindle with black, are also accepted. The adult Boston terrier stands 14 to 15 inches at the shoulder and weighs between 15 to 25 pounds. Personality Boston terriers belong to the non-sporting group of dogs. They are gentle dogs and rarely fight. Their small size and neatness make them a good breed for apartments. Even though they are not fighters, they are protective and loyal to their family. Home and Family Relations Boston terriers are excellent companion pets for children and the elderly. They are just as happy playing dress-up with children or spending the day next to their owner on the couch. Training The Boston terrier is intelligent and enthusiastic. The breed is easily house trained, and with time and patience, can learn obedience as well as many tricks. Special Concerns The breed tends to wheeze and snore due to their short noses. Baths are not frequently needed and the Boston requires little grooming. Common Diseases and Disorders In general, the Boston is a healthy dog with few medical concerns. However, the following diseases or disorders have been reported: Mast Cell Tumors are malignant tumors than can occur in the skin or within the body. Hyperadrenocorticism is a disorder affecting the adrenal glands. When overactive, the adrenal glands secrete excessive cortisol, resulting in illness. Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both testicles do not descend into the scrotum. Cataracts cause a loss of the normal transparency of the lens of the eye. The problem can occur in one or both eyes and can lead to blindness. In addition, the Boston terrier is prone to demodicosis, deafness, heat stroke and brain tumors. The average life span of the Boston terrier is 14 to 16 years. |
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